Geosciences life cycle of the mine. Exploration geology, exploration geochemistry, exploration geophysics. Resource and reserves classification and valuation and their reporting standards. Introduction to geochemical concepts for understanding mineral deposit genesis. Mine reclamation and remediation. Acid mine drainage. Introduction to mine planning and design. Introduction to concepts of mineral processing. Laboratory sessions involve ore mineral microscopy, ore mineralogy by x-ray diffraction, ore geochemistry by x-ray fluorescence, and application and interpretation of other analytical data. Reclamation case studies.