Ph.D. students are required to attend Departmental seminars delivered by faculty, visiting scholars and graduate students. Additionally, each Ph.D. student should present at least one seminar on a timely research topic. Ph.D. students are required to pass the comprehensive examination as part of this course. This course is a pre-requisite to registering the Ph.D. Pre-dissertation GEOP 711.The course is graded as Pass or Fail. lC grade is awarded if the Ph.D. comprehensive exam is not yet passed.