Analysis of organizations as open systems, with emphasis on maximizing congruency among Analyzes organization as an open system, with an emphasis on maximizing congruency among organizational structure, strategies, and environments along with understanding the impact of alternative design configurations and strategies on individual and group behavior. Includes an understanding of organizational goals, various designs and structures available for different organizational contexts, organizational culture, and processes like decision-making, communication etc. Primary focus will be on organizational performance and effectiveness. Explains the linkage between organizational theory and its practical applications to everyday management.